As best we can tell from the outside looking in, this chart has the dates for key events in the critical path to launch for the Mechanical Licensing Collective as required by the Music Modernization Act. We have called the chart the “Countdown to Modernity.”
Recall that the Register of Copyrights gets to pick the entity to operate as the Mechanical Licensing Collective. The Tennesseean reported last week that the first fully-formed candidate to emerge is the American Music Licensing Collective or the “AMLC”. (AMLC’s website is songrights.net.) Digital Music New reports AMLC’s public statements about its organization:
“We believe all song owners, from the kid in their bedroom, to the major music publishers, should be paid what they have earned,” the group declares in its manifesto.
“We are songwriters, artists, music publishers, musicians, composers and technologists. We get song owners paid.”
So who’s behind the American Music Licensing Collective, exactly?
We’ll start with one of the founders: Stewart Copeland, best known as the drummer for The Police. Also on the creative side is hit songwriter Rick Carnes, whose songs have propelled more than 40 platinum albums from the likes of Garth Brooks, Reba McEntire, Alabama, Pam Tillis, and Dean Martin.
Other founding members include:
- John Barker (founder, president & CEO of ClearBox Rights, LLC).
- Brownlee Ferguson (founder, Bluewater Music).
- George Howard (co-founder of both Music Audience Exchange and TuneCore and CIO of Riptide Publishing).
- Lisa Klein Moberly (founder and president of Optic Noise).
- Benji Rogers (singer-songwriter, founder of PledgeMusic and co-founder of dotBlockchain Media)
- Jeff Price (founder of Audiam and co-founder of TuneCore)
- Henry Gradstein (music industry attorney at Gradstein & Marzano, P.C.)
- Larry Mestel (founder, Primary Wave)
- Ricardo Ordoñez (founder and president of Union Music Group)
Listed as ‘observers’ are Grammy-nominated songwriter and producer Phil Galdston, and Grammy- and Emmy-nominated songwriter and producer David Wolfert.
“The board of directors of the AMLC have a profound and extensive knowledge of music publishing, mechanical license administration, big data, mapping and matching technology, payment processing, copyright ownership identification, conflict resolution, education, law, songwriting, architecture of technology systems and more,” the group notes.
Within days, Digital Music News also reported that two AMLC board members have left the organization for reasons that their source says were “directly tied to threats”:
Separately, a source close to the AMLC claimed that the departures were directly tied to threats by major publishers, with the National Music Publishers’ Association (NMPA) and at least one highly-influential publishing executive cited….AMLC cofounder Jeff Price confirmed to DMN that threats had been issued, but declined to name names. Price, who cofounded TuneCore and more recently founded Audiam, remains a board member of the AMLC but noted that he has “received threats that I recuse myself from the board or suffer repercussions to my career.”
Beyond that, Price was uncertain if other board members had received similar threats, but strongly suggested the possibility. “If there is a coordinated effort, and a colluded [sic] or orchestrated effort occurring to remove people from the AMLC, the question is why?”
“Is there something with the core mission statement they want to change? Otherwise what could it possibly be?”
The appearance of multiple candidates for the yet to be designated MLC raises another question–what about any existing black box? MTP and ARW readers will recall that the MLC is allowed to invade the black box to cover certain administrative costs:
INTERIM APPLICATION OF ACCRUED ROYALTIES.—In the event that the administrative assessment, together with any funding from voluntary contributions…is inadequate to cover current collective total costs, the collective, with approval of its board of directors, may apply unclaimed accrued royalties on an interim basis to defray such costs, subject to future reimbursement of such royalties from future collections of the assessment.
Digital Music News also focuses on this issue:
According to the MMA’s language, mechanical licenses that remain unclaimed after just one year will be largely mopped up by major publishers according to marketshare, an arrangement that has drawn protest. The value of the initial unclaimed tranche of funds has been estimated to be as high as $1.5 billion, at least according to a report by Variety.
We’re not big believers in this $1.5 billion number and it’s not exactly right that Variety reported that number–the Variety story has changed several times and is still a bit murky. Due to a later update to the article concerned it’s a bit unclear exactly what Variety meant in the original unsourced reporting. The original story as reported in Artist Rights Watch stated the industry-wide black box was $1.5 billion:
The DSPs are holding some $1.5 billion in unmatched mechanical royalties. If the MMA passes, that money would be passed through to the MLC which would match it to the songwriters and publishers.
Variety subsquently changed that language in the story at least twice that we know of, but never actually retracted the $1.5 billion number as far as we can tell, although they may have depending on your point of view of what constitutes a “retraction”. In any event, the story now reads:
The DSPs are holding millions in unmatched mechanical royalties — the sum of all Notice of Intent (NOI) filings currently parked at the U.S. Copyright office, while unknown, is climbing. If the MMA passes, that money would be passed through to the MLC which would match it to the songwriters and publishers.
Note–there’s still no source for either the “$1.5 billion” or the “millions” or for the “update”.
Soooo…
If there’s only one MLC when the deadline passes to file papers for Copyright Office designation, then any accrued but unpaid black box–whatever the number–could be paid through to the MLC, even before it’s really up and running with a completely stood up database for matching. It’s also theoretically possible–although very unlikely and not proven by any means–that the black box could have been paid through already in anticipation of there being only one MLC candidate.
Of course, if there’s more than one candidate, then any payment of black box for the past should be put on hold until the candidate is actually designated, particularly since the government took away copyright owners’ rights to statutory damages and attorneys fees if the copyright owner hasn’t filed their lawsuit as of January 1, 2018. (Black box accrual = unlicensed infringing use = admission of infringement.)
Soooo….you just gotta love you some MMA.
The folowing chart is a work in progress, and if anyone sees anything wrong in it or something that should be clarified or corrected, please let us know. It should be considered a draft, but we hope that it will solidify over the next few weeks. We expect activity to pick up once the MLC filing deadline arrives.
Due to the formation of the AMLC, there are now two candidates for the MLC, there may be more coming. The COUNTDOWN TO MODERNITY chart needs to distinguish AMLC from the competing NMPA/NSAI MLC which does not have a name as far as we know. Until the NMPA/NSAI collective adopts a name, we will refer to it as the NMPA/NSAI collective.
The main takeaway from this chart should be the clock is ticking and time is going by. Our prediction? Time will become the MLC’s biggest enemy, if there isn’t already a time bomb in the drafting of the Music Modernization Act. What we don’t see in the MMA is any discussion of what happens if a deadline is blown for whatever reason.
But mark your calendars–we see the first key date as January 7, 2019 when the Copyright Office will request filings from MLC candidates, which so far include the AMLC and the collective to be formed by NMPA/NSAI. That’s 45 days from now and holidays count. The countdown to the License Availability Date: 770 days from now.
ARTIST RIGHTS WATCH
COUNTDOWN TO MECHANICAL LICENSING COLLECTIVE LAUNCH
WEEK 6
KEY DATES SCHEDULE FROM ENACTMENT DATE (10/11/18)
TO LICENSE AVAILABILITY DATE (1/1/21)
MLC=Mechanical Licensing Collective
DLC=Digital Licensee Coordinator
CRJ=Copyright Royalty Judges
DCCOA=District of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals
CO=Copyright Office
LAD=License Availability Date
*Topic areas to be updated as announced
| EVENT | ACCCOMPLISHED | WHO OWNS? | TIME EXPIRED BEFORE LAD | TIME REMAINS TO LAD |
| REQUEST FILING TO BE MLC | STATUS UNKNOWN—Deadline 1/7/2019 | COPYRIGHT OFFICE | 90 DAYS AFTER ENACTMENT | 726 DAYS FROM DEADLINE |
| DESIGNATION OF MLC | STATUS UNKNOWN—Deadline 7/7/2019 | COPYRIGHT OFFICE | 270 DAYS AFTER ENACTMENT | 545 DAYS FROM DEADLINE |
| FORMATION OF MLC NONPROFIT | AMLC nonprofit formed
NMPA/NSAI STATUS UNKNOWN |
MLC | 45 days | 726 days |
| SUBSTITUTION OF BLANKET LICENSE FOR ALL EXISTING COMPULSORY LICENSES | AUTOMATIC 10/11/2018
|
COPYRIGHT OFFICE | 770 days | |
| MLC BUDGET | STATUS UNKNOWN
(Assume deadline of 1/7/19) |
MLC/DLC/CRJ | 45 days | 770 days |
| INITIATE ASSESSMENT PROCEEDING w/CRJs | [MUST COMMENCE NO LATER THAN 7/7/2019]
STATUS UNKNOWN |
MLC/DLC/CRJ | 226 days | 545 days |
| ASSESSMENT RULING | [PUBLISHED IN FR NO LATER THAN 7/7/2020] | MLC/DLC/CRJ | 592 days | 179 days |
| APPEAL OF ASSESSMENT RULING | 30 DAYS AFTER PUBLICATION OF ASSESSMENT RULING | MLC/DLC/CRJ/ DCCOA | 623 days | 149 days |
| MLC BUSINESS PLAN | STATUS UNKNOWN
(Assume deadline of 1/7/19) |
MLC/CO | 45 DAYS | 726 days |
| ANNOUNCED BOARD NOMINEES | AMLC board announced (see DMN and above)
NMPA/NSAI called for nominations. The deadline for NMPA nominations passed on November 15 see NMPA. NSAI are accepting nominations for songwriter board member seats with a December 15 deadline. (these are nonstatutory deadlines) Songwriter board selection by Steve Bogard (NSAI), Rick Carnes (SGA), Lynn Gillespie Chater (SGA), Dallas Davidson (BMI), Chris DeStefano (NSAI), Bob DiPiero (BMI), Dan Foliart (ASCAP), Adam Gorgoni (SONA), Michele Lewis (SONA), Paul Williams (ASCAP) (Assume final deadline of 1/7/19) |
MLC | 45 DAYS | 726 days |
| APPOINTED BOARD | AMLC Board Announced (DMN reports Howard and Mestel depart):
John Barker (founder, president & CEO of ClearBox Rights, LLC). Brownlee Ferguson (founder, Bluewater Music).
Lisa Klein Moberly (founder and president of Optic Noise). Benji Rogers (singer-songwriter, founder of PledgeMusic and co-founder of dotBlockchain Media) Jeff Price (founder of Audiam and co-founder of TuneCore) Henry Gradstein (music industry attorney at Gradstein & Marzano, P.C.)
Ricardo Ordoñez (founder and president of Union Music Group) NMPA/NSAI: STATUS UNKNOWN (Assume deadline of 1/7/19) |
MLC/CO | 45 DAYS | 726 days |
| APPOINTED DLC | STATUS UNKNOWN—Deadline 7/7/2019 | COPYRIGHT OFFICE | 270 days AFTER ENACTMENT | 545 days |
| ENGAGED MLC VENDORS | AMLC: Clearbox Rights, Audiam (others?)
NMPA/NSAI: STATUS UNKNOWN (Assume deadline of 1/7/19) |
MLC | 90 DAYS | 726 days |
| PAID MLC VENDORS | AMLC: See board members above
NMPA/NSAI: STATUS UNKNOWN (ASSUME 7/7/2020 IF NO APPEAL OF ASSESSMENT) |
MLC | 270 days | 545 days |
| ANNOUNCE MLC DATA STANDARDS | STATUS UNKNOWN | MLC/DLC | ||
| REGULATIONS* | STATUS UNKNOWN | COPYRIGHT OFFICE | ||
| COMMENTS AND REPLY COMMENTS ON REGULATIONS | STATUS UNKNOWN | ALL | ||
| EXPLANATION OF OPERATIONS: HOW TO REGISTER WITH MLC AND COST OF REGISTRATION | STATUS UNKNOWN
(Assume deadline of 1/7/19) |
MLC/CO | 90 DAYS | 726 days |
| REGISTRATION START DATE | STATUS UNKNOWN |
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